How UMP connects to CTP, the Kennedy pathway, choline and DHA; what synapse models and nutritional-mixture trials show, and where evidence ends and unsupported protocols begin.
An in-depth account of PDE1/cGMP, ion channels, energy metabolism, rheology, and IKK/NF-κB. Human outcomes are separated from experiments, with food effects, safety, and limitations explained.
An in-depth examination of 5-HTP metabolism: TPH and BH₄, blood–brain barrier transport, peripheral AADC, receptor mechanisms and clinical studies. Carbidopa, EGCG, vitamin B₆, serotonin toxicity, valvular concerns and the practical application of this knowledge by specialists are considered separately.
An in-depth monograph on glycine: inhibitory GlyR and NMDA coagonism, L/D-serine, SCN thermoregulation, human sleep studies, glutathione and GlyNAC, GLYAT/GNMT, pharmacokinetics, and practical limits.
An in-depth account of SAMe metabolism: the methionine and SAH cycle, membrane phospholipids, monoamines, transsulfuration and epigenetics. Molecular mechanisms are considered alongside studies of depression, neurodegeneration, cholestasis and osteoarthritis, with separate discussion of formulations and safety.
An in-depth monograph on the delivery of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria, tissue-specific CPT1 isoforms, and regulation by malonyl-CoA. It examines catalysis, AMPK–ACC, β-oxidation, energy calculations, metabolic flexibility, and inherited defects. Clinical and sports studies of carnitine, the microbial TMAO pathway, and pharmacological approaches are considered within the limits of the evidence.