ADIPOQ assembly, HMW fractions, inverted receptors, ceramide hydrolysis, APPL1, muscle AMPK and liver PPAR-α. Human associations, genetic and intervention evidence, corrected statistics, and limits of clinical interpretation.

October 8, 2026

Knowledge · General

Berberine and dihydroberberine: transport, AMPK, PCSK9 and clinical evidence

Berberine and DHB: chemistry and intestinal redox cycling, transport, complex I–AMPK, LDLR–PCSK9, microbiota and human glycemic and liver studies. Why greater exposure does not establish clinical superiority.

October 8, 2026

Knowledge · General

Xenohormesis: plant stress, cellular adaptation and the limits of longevity evidence

How plant defense chemistry interacts with Nrf2, AMPK, sirtuins and autophagy. Biosynthesis, agroecology, metabolites, pharmacokinetics and the limits of translating mechanisms into human health and lifespan.

October 8, 2026