How standardized pine bark extract becomes metabolites, what is known about eNOS, COX and 5-LOX, and where clinical trials show positive or negative results.
The chemistry of two stilbenes, conjugation and free aglycone, conditional SIRT1 allostery, the indirect PDE–AMPK pathway, clinical markers, and safety boundaries.
A comparison of nicotinamide riboside and NMN, from NAMPT, CD73, and NRK1 to blood and muscle: the SLC12A8 debate, isotope pharmacokinetics, and mixed trial results.
Mitochondrial lipoylation and the pyruvate dehydrogenase catalytic cycle, distinguished from the pharmacology of free thioctic acid; clinical neuropathy trials, exposure, and safety.
How Scutellaria baicalensis flavones undergo intestinal metabolism and affect GABA_A, microglia, and lipid oxidation. Molecular pathways, formulas, limits of evidence on sleep and neuroprotection, interactions, and safety.
A detailed account of reversible AChE inhibition, pharmacokinetics, NMDA, mitochondria, Nrf2 and APP. Dementia trials are distinguished from cell and animal findings, with safety, interactions and practical assessment of memory complaints.